gŵr1975gŵr
[H. Grn. gur, Crn. C. gour, Llyd. C. gour: < *u̯ur < Brth. *u̯iros < Clt. *u̯ı̆ro-s (cf. H. Wydd. fer) < IE. *u̯ı̆ro-s, Llad. vir]
eg. (un. bach. gwryn) ll. gwŷr, a hefyd fel a.
1. a Bod dynol gwryw, person (amhenodol), neb, unrhyw un (pan ddigwyddo’r ff. l. gwŷr ynglŷn ag enw lle neu wlad dichon ambell dro olygu ‘pobl, trigolion’); dyn mewn llawn oedran (weithiau’n wrthgyferbyniol i fenyw neu wraig, dro arall i ‘was’ neu ‘fab’, &c.); milwr neu ymladdwr glew, dyn dewr, gwron, arwr:
man, person, anyone (the plural form, in connection with a place-name, may sometimes denote ‘people, inhabitants’); adult male human being (as distinct from woman or boy, lad, &c.); valiant warrior, brave man, hero.
9g. (MC) VVB 147, Irgur hunnoid i. mercurius, gl. celebrat.
1170 MA² 236a39, Gwyr Prydain ym mhryder hirfaith (Seisyll Bryffwrch).
12-13g. id. 217b27, Bar llychwr gwr yn oed gwas (Llywarch ap Llywelyn).
13g. C 493-4, Jn amvin ev terwin a guir dulin.
13g. C 6211, Gwraget heb gvilet. Gwir heb gurhid.
13g. C 729, guir deur kymynint a dur.
13g. C 892, Ryseiw gur ar vn conin.
13g. C 9014, 941.
13g. A 11-2, Gredyf gwr oed gwas.
13g. A 221, Gwyr a aeth gatraeth.
13g. LlDW 704-11, [b]eychyogy gwreyc … cany wys beth yu ew ay gur ay gwreyc.
13g. LlDW 7329, kyureyth gwyr powys.
13g. HGC 106, gwyr nordwei ae presswyllya.
Dchr. 14g. H 24a9, Gwr ygryd yn ryd gwr ual rodri. mawr (Hywel Foel ap Griffri).
id. 27b32,33, 28a21, et passim.
14g. T 511.
14g. T 2412.
14g. T 481.
14g. WML 122, llad … gwr o genedyl arall.
14g. WM 229-31, Ny weleis ansyberwyt uwy ar wr.
14g. YBH 6b, gwr guynllwyt oedawc oed.
id. 51a, dywedut wrth wyr y dref.
14g. GDG 24.
c. 1400 R 10422, gwnawn weithret gwr kyt bydwngwas.
id. 105236-7, agolwc digu ar wyr tu keri; et passim.
c. 1400 MM 38.
15g. GGl 161, Ac erioed prydydd gŵr wyf.
15g. DN 72, Gŵr a wella gwŷr wellwell, / A gwŷr a wna gŵr yn well.
1547 WS, Gwr A man.
16g. Huw Arwystl: Gw 193, dvn er I oed yn wr ydwyd.
1567 TN 40a, bydd dau ddyn [:- wr] yn y maes.
id. 390b.
1568 Morys Clynnog: AG [v], yn gyphredinol ymysc gwyr yn gwlad.
1588 1 Br ii. 2, ymnertha a bydd yn ŵr.
1615 R. Smyth: GB 76.
1632 D, Gŵr, Vir, mas.
1632 D (Diar), Gwr nith gâr nith gydfydd. Gwr pawb yn hâf.
1773 W d.g. fellow [used sometimes for a person or man …], a man [not a child, &c.], a man [not a woman, a male], a man [a brave person, not a dastardly fellow].
Ar lafar yn Nyfed fel math o gyfarchiad, ‘Ble chi’n mynd, wr?’ ‘Whither bound, man?’, GDD 321, a thebyg mai olion y cyfarchiad hwn yw’r ‘w’ a glywir mor gyff. yn y De, ‘Gwir, w’, ‘Dere, w’, ‘Dod e fan hyn, w’.
b (yn rhgfl. i gym. pth. (cf. y defnydd mewn H. Wydd. o fer fel rh.), yn gyff. mewn cyfosodiad:
as antecedent to a rel. clause, gen. in apposition).
13g. C 1055-6, Haul owin. gur ny minn mabweith.
13g. C 726, a guir nygilint rac gvaev.
13g. A 132-3, gwyr nyt oedyn drych draet fo.
13g. LlDW 514.
Dchr. 14g. H 2a22, Gwr a rotei gad kyn dybu y dyt (Meilyr Brydydd).
14g. T 4015-16, elphin … ygwr am rodes y gwin ar cwrwf.
c. 1400 R 104435, gwr ny bo gwell no morwyn.
id. 10472, [g]wyr ny uegynt vygylaeth.
15g. id. 27b23, gwr a las drossom (Bleddyn Fardd).
1588 Salm i. 1, Gwyn ei fyd y gŵr ni rodiodd yng-hyngor yr annuwolion.
c (gynt am Dduw a Christ; yn aml yma eto, fel yn (b), y mae’n rhgfl. i gymal pth.):
(formerly used of God and Christ; as in ‘(b)’, it often occurs as antecendent to a rel. clause).
9g. (Juv) B vi. 206, gur dicones remedau[t] elbid.
13g. C 827, y gur am creuyse.
13g. MA² 218a10, Gwr a wnaeth or dwfr y gwin (Dafydd Benfras).
14g. T 3721, Vn gwr ae goreu yr holl greaduryeu.
id. 404-5, Gwr a gynheil ynef.
1346 LlA 33, duw. ygr yssyd gyfuyann vradr.
1346 LlA 125, creadyr nef adayar ygr nyt oes dim anybot ida.
14g. YCM 44, 92.
14g. DGG² 141, Pwy yw’r gŵr piau’r goron (Gruffudd Gryg).
c. 1400 R 115531, iessu gwr an iacha.
id. 138632.
c. 1400 RB ii. 358.
c. 1400 SDR 77.
15g. GO xxvi. 21, Y Gŵr y sydd Dri ac Vn.
1551 W. Salesbury: KLl lxxxib, Cans Deo ywr gwr a barawdd yr goleuni lewychy.
2. Deiliad dan wrogaeth i arglwydd neu frenin:
vassal.
12g. LL 120, har cam … agunech brennhin morcannhuc hay gur hay guas dy escop teliau hac dygur hac dy guas.
13g. C 6517, ny bitei gur. y breinhin [sic].
13g. LlDW 31-3, eghuyt edeu urenyn … llad ohur yr neyll gur yr llall.
13g. Pen 30 78, Oderuyd bot bonedyc kanhuynaul en ur y uab uchelur.
14g. WML 126, paluawt … arglwyd ar y wr.
14g. LlB 80, Or ymlad gwr escob neu abat a gwr brenhin.
14g. WM 1262-3, Ae gwr y arthur wyti.
id. 1799-10, [b]renhined coronawc yn wyr idaw.
14g. YBH 18a, 32b.
14g. YCM 48, a dyuot yn wr y Vahumet, a gwassanaethu idaw.
c. 1400 R 130717, 139813.
c. 1400 RB ii. 199, y brenhined artywyssogyon aoedynt wyr idaw.
c. 1400 GP 16, Arglwyd a uolir o … hegarwch wrth y wyr a’e gyueillon.
1730 Leg Wall 574, gwr, homo, i.e. vassallus.
1794 W d.g. vassal.
3. Dyn priod, dyn o’i ystyried mewn perthynas â’i wraig:
married man, husband.
c. 1200 AL i. 80, Emoch yr gur ar deueyt yr greyc.
14g. LlB 61, Or dyweit gwreic eir kewilydyus wrth y gwr.
14g. LlB 61, Or ysgar gwr a’e wreic gyfreithawl.
14g. WML 134, da agaffo gureic gan ygwr yny hwynebwerth.
c. 1400 R 135918-19, yr gwr yr wreic hwr hir ymwrteis.
1567 TN 136b, Y wreic a atepodd … Nyd oes i mi vn gwr.
id. 397a, gwedy y thrwsio mal priodasverch ar vedr y gwr.
1588 Gen xx. 3, y wraig … a hi yn berchen gŵr.
1588 Diar xii. 4, Gwraig rymmus sydd goron iw gŵr.
1722 Llst 189, gŵr … husband.
1730 Leg Wall 574, gwr, maritus.
Ar lafar yn gyff., e.e. ‘Llanc ta gŵr ydi o?’ ‘Is he a bachelor or a married man?’, WVBD 167; ‘Mi fuodd yn ŵr da iddi hi’, ‘Ma’r gŵr yn un go lew ond tydw i’n hidio fawr am y wraig’.
Gw. hefyd gŵr priod.
4. a Un o werin gwyddbwyll neu dabler:
chessman, pawn.
1527 B ix. 315, ar osodiad ei wŷr a bwriad ei ddisiau.
1722 Llst 189, gŵr … pawn at chess, chess-man.
1776 W, gŵr (un. o wŷr y) tabler d.g. a man [at Chess, &c.].
b Yn dros. am aderyn, anifail, y gwynt, &c.:
transf. of bird, animal, the wind, &c.
14g. GDG 64, Gŵr yw ef a garai iâr [i’r llwynog].
id. 67, Hylaw ŵr mawr hael yw’r Mai.
id. 303, A’th weled, ŵr, i’th wâl da [i’r cyffylog].
id. 309, Gŵr eres wyd garw ei sain [i’r gwynt].
14-15g. DGG² 40, Dy enwair, ŵr dianardd, / Yn wir yw’r mwnwgl hir hardd [i’r alarch].
id. 41, 55.
Fel a. (yn y ff. gẃrach, gwr(h)af, gwriaf, sef y graddau cmhr. ac eith., yn unig) Dewr, eofn, glew, gwrol, arwrol:
brave, bold, courageous, valiant, heroic.
12-13g. MA² 241a3, Gwr gwraf gorsaf gwersyll Afarwy (Elidir Sais).
1244 id. 221a55.
13g. C 419, Yssi haul uraul gurhaw.
13g. A 156, en emdwyn aryf gryt gwryt gwryaf.
Dchr. 14g. H 27b25, gwrawl lywelyn gwrhaf o gymro (Bleddyn Fardd).
id. 66b32, o gerteu bleityeu blaen gwryaf.
id. 71a41, Ririd rwyf gwrhyd gwrhaf o gyfet (Cynddelw).
c. 1400 R 123910, gwraf naf nef ymeneit.
id. 139929, ar wyr wawr wrach no neb.
15g. GGl 260, Cadarnaf a gwrhaf gynt, / Carweiddiaf o’r ceirw oeddynt.
1632 D, *Gwraf, pro Gwrolaf.
1753 Gron 35, Gŵraf Edlin brenhinwawr.
Cfn.:
gŵr addfwyn (addwyn): ?man of gentle birth; ?honourable or upright man.
13g. LlI 75, hanner henne en wyr not a’r hanner arall o’r guyr a gaffer o wyr aduuyn.
1632 D, Addwyn … Gwr addwyn, Probus & legalis vir.
1730 Leg Wall 573, gwr addfwyn, Idem quod Gwr dinod.
gŵr antur: adventurer.
gŵr ar deulu (deilu), gw. gŵr teulu.
gŵr arfau (eirf), gŵr arfog: man-at-arms, armed soldier, also fig.
15-16g. Llawdden, &c.: Gw 214.
1588 Diar vi. 11.
1735 S. Thomas: HP 165.
1770 W d.g. armed men.
gŵr (yr) aur: one who (sordidly) amasses wealth, rich man.
gŵr bach: insignificant person.
Cf. hawyr—hawyr bach.
gŵr bonheddig (ll. gwŷr bonheddig, gwŷr boneddigion): gentleman.
1346 LlA 119, en ygr bonnhedic hnn oed bugi.
14g. GDG 253.
14g. YCM 50.
16g. GILlV 20.
1547 WS, Baeds wr bonheddic A badge.
1567 TN [xxxv], 118b.
1630 R. Vaughan: YDd d.d.
1683 H. Evans: CTF 31.
1688 S. Hughes: TSP 16.
[1740] L. Anwyl: CA 104.
18g. I. Brydydd Hir: Gw 169.
1770 W d.g. birth [parentage, descent …], gentleman.
1798 W. Richards: CC 34.
Ar lafar yn gyff., WVBD 167.
gŵr bwa (ll. gwŷr bwâu): archer, bowman.
16g. (LlEG) Mos 158 37a, 514b.
gŵr byd, gŵr bydol: layman, one not in holy orders.
13g. B x. 24.
c. 1400 GP 15.
15g. B iv. 204.
15g. Pen 57 15.
15g. HCLl 86.
gŵr y gadair: chairman.
1771 W d.g. chair-man [that presides at an assembly or club].
gŵr cadarn: mighty or powerful man, giant.
14g. WML 124.
1567 TN 380b.
1588 Job xxii. 8.
1588 Jer xiv. 9.
1655 WL: DP 284.
1768 J. Roberts: R 44.
gŵr cadr = gŵr cadarn.
gŵr caeth: bondman.
1547 WS, Gwr caeth A band man.
1567 TN 380b.
1655 WL: DP 284.
1770 W d.g. a bond-man, bond-servant, or bond-slave.
gŵr canol: arbiter, arbitrator; mediator.
Gw. hefyd canolwr.
gŵr caru: lover, sweetheart, wooer, suitor.
1725 SR d.g. a lover, a suetor or courtier, a sweet heart.
1732 AABI 53.
gŵr ceffyl: cavalry-man, horse-soldier, horseman.
Gw. hefyd gŵr march.
gŵr o gerdd, gŵr wrth gerdd, gwrthgerdd [ff. a gaed drwy gyw.]: professional musician, minstrel, or poet.
15g. Glam Bards 322.
15g. Pen 109 45, 74, [Lewys Glyn Cothi].
15g. HCLl 60.
c. 1523 (1904-9) Trans Liverpool WN Soc [92].
1547 WS, Gwr wrth gerdd A mynstrell.
1551 W. Salesbury: KLl lxixa.
1632 D d.g. Gingrinator, Melicus, Tibicen.
1693 Camb J (1859), 143, caingc ar dannau (yr hon na feder pôb gwrthgerdd moni).
id. 145.
1698 T. Jones: Alm [31].
1710 F 46.
1725 SR d.g. a minstrel.
1754 ML i. 292, gwr wrth gerdd.
1759 PYAG 54.
1776 W d.g. minstrel, musician, a player on an instrument.
gŵr wrth gerdd dafod: professional poet.
gŵr wrth gerdd dant (dannau): performer on a stringed instrument, professional musician, minstrel.
1780 W d.g. a player on a stringed instrument.
gŵr y god (ll. gwŷr y codau):
(i) wealthy and generous man; treasurer.
15g. GHC 13, Gŵr hygar wrth ei garwyr, / Gŵr y god wrth Gaer a’i gwŷr.
15-16g. TA 472.
a. 1587 E. Prys: Gw 22.
(ii) tramp, pedlar, packman; bogey.
16g. Pen 76 76.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228) d.g. mendicus, tremendus.
Dchr. 17g. J 10 103a, gŵr y gôd, bolól.
gŵr crefydd(ol), gŵr o grefydd: cleric, ecclesiastic, a religious.
14g. BT 150.
14g. MA² 352b31.
14g. HMSS ii. 197.
1615 R. Smyth: GB 265.
1740 T. Evans: DPO 119.
gŵr y cwilsyn (ll. gwŷr y cwils): quillman, scribe, clerk, solicitor.
gŵr cychwyn: (in the Welsh Laws) one condemned to exile, exile who is to set out on his journey the following morning.
13g. LlDW 7920.
13g. LlC 21, Puybennac a dyholer o uraut e keureyth, yaun ev ydau bot en ur kychuyn trannoeth.
gŵr cyd: party, participator, person who is concerned (in).
1717 Iaco ab Dewi: MN 92.
1722 Llst 189, gŵr cyd, a party man, partner.
1778 W d.g. party-man.
Cf. cydwr.
gŵr cyfarwydd: one skilled in magic, magician, wizard, sorcerer; expert, specialist (in any branch of knowledge).
1718 E. Samuel: HDdD 59.
1766 CD 126, Rhai … / A eiff a rhyw arwydd, / At y Gŵr Cyfarwydd, / Gan gredu yn ddiriaid, / Y medr godi Cythreiliaid.
1795 P, cyvarwydd … gwr cyvarwydd, a well-informed man; also a cunning man, or conjurer.
Cf. gŵr hysbys.
gŵr o gyfraith, gŵr y gyfraith: lawyer, advocate, attorney, solicitor.
15g. LHDd 42.
16-17g. Cer RC 178.
1632 D d.g. Aduocatus, Iurisperitus.
1667 C. Edwards: FfDd 42.
1675 R. Davies: PY 103.
1684 T. Jones: GG 13.
c. 1700 E. Lhuyd: Par ii. 93.
1770 W d.g. an advocate, an attorney at law, counsellor [at Law], lawyer.
gŵr cyfrwng: intermediary, mediator.
gŵr ar gylch: man of no fixed abode, wanderer, vagabond.
15g. LHDd 101.
1730 Leg Wall 573, gwr ar gylch, erro.
1753 TR, gŵr ar gylch, a wanderer, a vagabond.
gŵr cywir: true or loyal man.
gŵr darogan: heroic leader who was popularly regarded as a fulfiller of earlier prophecy inasmuch as he inspired hopes of national triumph and deliverance for the Welsh people, man of destiny (lit. man of prognostication).
15g. IGE 136, Mae’r gŵr darogan? Mae’r gad [i Owain Glyndŵr]?
15-16g. TA 89.
Cf. mab—mab darogan.
gŵr deheulaw (dy ddeheulaw, &c.): right hand man, indispensable person.
gŵr deol: banished person, exile, outlaw.
15g. DN 10.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228) d.g. exul (hefyd D).
Dchr. 17g. J 10 328, gwr deol, exul.
1632 J. Davies: LlR 178, 421.
1661 E. Lewis: Drex 253.
1740 T. Evans: DPO 171, 361.
1770 W d.g. banished, a banished person, exile [subst.].
gŵr difro = gŵr deol.
Dchr. 17g. J 10 328, gwr divro, exul.
gŵr dihenydd: condemned person.
c. 1400 SDR 45.
1527 B ii. 204.
1632 D d.g. Condemnatus, Damnatus.
gŵr neu ddim, naill ai gŵr ai dim: neck or nothing, a man or a mouse.
1778 W d.g. neck or nothing [Prov.].
gŵr dinod:
(i) (in the Welsh Laws) a person not appointed (?beforehand) to act as compurgator.
13g. LlDW 792, 67.
13g. LlC 20, eu hanner en wyr not a’r hanner arall en wyr dynot.
13g. LlC 25, e neyll hanner en wyr not a’r llall en wyr dinot.
(ii) man of no account, obscure or insignificant person.
1632 D, Gwr nôd … Gwr dinod, Vir ignobilis, nullius notæ.
1688 TJ, gŵr dinod; a man of no account.
1722 Llst 189, gŵr di-nod, an obscure, ignoble man.
gŵr diwres: exile, poor person.
(y) gŵr doeth: wise man (when preceded by the def. art. the title as a rule refers to Solomon).
1567 TN 11a.
1588 1 Br ii. 9.
1588 Diar xxiv. 5.
id. xxix. 9.
1632 D d.g. Magus, Sophus.
1790 T. Jones: TOS 74.
y gŵr drwg: the evil one, the devil, Satan.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228) d.g. diabolus.
1789 Twm o’r Nant: TChB 10.
Ar lafar yn gyff., ‘Ma’r gŵr drwg i lond o’, WVBD 167; hefyd gyda’r ff. l. gwrdrwgiaid yn y De, D. E. Jones: HLlP 379, haid o wrdrwgied.
y gwŷr duon: the clergy, clergymen (lit. the black men).
1703 E. Wynne: BC 38.
1748 ML i. 136, am y relyw or Gwyr Duon, ni chlywais i un o honynt yn rhyfygu beio.
gŵr dyfod: (in the Welsh Laws) one who settled on land which had never been in the possession of any of his progenitors; alien, stranger, new-comer, settler (as distinct from a native).
13g. LlDW 5613.
c. 1401 AL ii. 374.
15g. LHDd 54.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228) d.g. aduena (hefyd D).
1632 D d.g. Inquilinus.
1722 Llst 189, gwr dyfod, a stranger.
1730 Leg Wall 574, gwr dyfod, adventitius.
1740 T. Evans: DPO 18.
1770 W d.g. an alien [stranger].
Cf. dyn dyfod, &c.
gŵr dyfodiad = gŵr dyfod.
1567 TN 180b.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228) d.g. aduena, inquilinus.
1632 D d.g. Inquilinus.
1661 E. Lewis: Drex 359.
1704 E. Samuel: BA 63.
gŵr dyledog: nobleman, aristocrat.
1632 D d.g. Magnas, Prætextati.
gŵr o (wrth) ddysg: scholar, learned man, man of letters.
15-16g. TA 203.
c. 1585 G. Robert: DC [iv].
1632 D d.g. Mecænas.
1656 (1745) MLl ii. 179.
1772 W d.g. clerk [… a scholar or man of letters].
gŵr eang, gw. gwreang.
gŵr eglwysig: ecclesiastic, cleric, clergyman.
14g. LlB 32.
14-15g. IGE² 263, 269.
14-15g. DGG² 147.
c. 1400 ChO 23.
16g. (LlEG) Mos 158 13b.
a. 1575 GP 131.
1595 M. Kyffin: DFf [57], [124].
1701 E. Wynne: RBS 9.
1740 T. Evans: DPO 291.
1772 W d.g. clergy-man, ecclesiastic.
gwŷr Efrai: the Jews, the Hebrews.
14g. BY 9.
14g. HMSS ii. 278, 279.
1774 W d.g. the Hebrews.
gwŷr ffyn: staff-men.
gwŷr y (o, o’r) gard: guard, body of persons, esp. soldiers, to protect person of king, &c.
16g. B xviii. 316.
1588 2 Cr xii. 11.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228) d.g. laterani (hefyd D).
1620 2 Sam xxiii. 23.
gwŷr y Gogledd: Men of the North (i.e. Northern Britain and Southern Scotland).
Diw. 13g. Pen 45 291.
14g. T 1313.
15g. GGl 218.
gŵr gorfod: triumphant person, victor.
gŵr gosgordd: attendant in a retinue, satellite.
gŵr gradd, gŵr graddedig: (university) graduate.
gwŷr Groeg: the Greeks.
13g. BD 4, 5, 7.
16g. Pen 127 242.
gŵr gwadd, gŵr gwahodd: guest, quest speaker.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228) d.g. conuiua, epulo (hefyd D).
1774 W d.g. guest.
Ar lafar yn gyff., e.e. ‘Pwy yw’r gŵr gwadd yng nghyfarfod gwobrwyo’r ysgol ’leni?’
gwŷr gwaith: villeins or feudal tenants (confined to Cemais and Penrhos in Anglesey), their condition of tenure being labour services only.
gŵr gwared: saviour.
c. 1400 R 118340-1.
15g. B xiii. 65.
gŵr gweddw: widower; unmarried man, bachelor.
1662 E. Wynn: TY 65, Os Gŵr gweddw yw efe.
1753 TR, gweddw … gwr gweddw, a single man.
1770 W d.g. a bachelor, widower.
1800 P.
gwŷr a gweision: men generally, of differing ages (old and young).
1753 TR, gwas … so it is used still in Glamorganshire, when they say, Gwyr a Gweision, for men of all sorts.
1776 W d.g. a man [not a child, &c.] … Men of all ages (i.e. old and young).
Ar lafar ym Morg., ‘angladd i wŷr a gweishon’ ‘angladd i wrywod yn uniog’.
gŵr gwellt: straw effigy, fig. man of straw, dummy, stooge, bogey-man; imaginary adversary or adverse argument adduced to be triumphantly refuted; it was formerly the custom on May Eve for a young lover who had been jilted to make an effigy of his supplanter and place the guy near the house of his former sweetheart.
1741 CAG 46.
1743 ML i. 76, Gwr gwêllt.
18g. L. Morris: LW 146, Gware gwr gwellt.
1754 ML i. 281, gwyr gwellt.
1795 Jac Glan-y-gors: SG 32.
1835 R. Williams: HAA 110.
Ar lafar yn gyff. yn yr ystyr ‘dyn gwan na ellir dibynnu arno’.
gŵr gwledd: feaster, banqueter, carouser, ?banquet-giver, one who invites to a feast.
13g. C 174.
13g. A 2122.
c. 1400 R 14294.
16g. Huw Arwystl: Gw 345.
gŵr gwnedd: warrior.
13g. A 1618-19.
13g. A 2714.
gŵr gwobr (a gwerth): hireling, mercenary.
1632 D d.g. Mercenarius, Venalis.
1675 R. Davies: PY 135.
1707 AB 89b.
1774 W d.g. hireling, shubst.
gŵr a gŵr, gŵr i ŵr: man to man.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228), ymerbyniaw ai gelynion … gwr i wr d.g. phalanx.
1770 TG iii. 73.
y gŵr (hwn, hyn) a’r gŵr: so-and-so, this man and that.
1620 Salm lxxxvii. 5.
1629 R. Llwyd: P 57, Y gŵr ar gŵr oedd cynddrŵg ei fuchedd a minneu.
1651 Siôn Treredyn: MDD 286.
1677 TC [vi], y mae’r Gŵr hwn a’r Gwr [sic] gwedi marw a’i gladdu.
Ar lafar yn gyff.
Yn Nghered. y gŵr na’r gŵr a ddywedir fynychaf.
gŵr gwraig (briod), gŵr gwreig(i)og: married man.
14g. WML 90.
14g. LlB 3, 62.
1567 LlGG 130b.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228), gwr gwreigiawc, gwr gwraic briawt d.g. maritus.
Dchr. 17g. J 10 328, gwr gwreigiog, maried man.
1632 D d.g. Maritus.
1675 R. Davies: PY 39, 40.
1776 W, gŵr … gwreigiog d.g. married, a married man.
Ar lafar yng Nghered. a’r De clywir ‘gŵr gwraig’ ‘dyn priod’.
gŵr a gwraig: man and wife, husband and wife.
gŵr gwrêng: person of humble rank, commoner, layman.
1617 Minsheu 265b d.g. a laie-man.
1677 R. Jones: BB 76.
1717 Iaco ab Dewi: CS 28.
1752 ML i. 198, gwr gwreng.
1765 J. Evans: CPE 401.
1798 WR d.g. commoner.
gŵr gwych: (ironically) fine or jolly fellow, a galant; noble or magnanimous person, hero.
1595 H. Lewys: PA [247].
1632 J. Davies: LlR 392.
1672 R. Prichard: Gw 194.
17g. Huw Morus: EC i. 47.
gwŷr gwyddbwyll: chessmen.
gŵr gŵyr: person liable to be corrupted with bribes.
gŵr hen, gw. hen—hen ŵr, henwr.
gŵr ar hynt: stranger, foreigner.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228) d.g. aduena.
gŵr hysbys: one skilled in magic, magician, wizard, sorcerer; expert, specialist (in any branch of knowledge).
1772 W d.g. cunning man [one who pretends to tell fortunes …].
Gw. hefyd dyn—dyn hysbys.
gŵr ieuanc (ifanc): young man, youth, unmarried man; newly-wed husband.
1567 TN 31a, 75b, 364a.
1588 Eseia xl. 30.
1588 Jer xxxi. 13.
1588 Act xx. 9.
gŵr llên: man of letters, learned man, scholar; cleric, clergyman; scribe.
15g. GGl 81.
15g. LGC 412.
Diw. 15g. Pen 67 38.
16g. Llst 6 67.
[1547] W. Salesbury: OSP [x].
16g. Gr. Hiraethog: Gw (D. J. B.) 488.
16g. Gr. Hiraethog: Gw (D. J. B.) 572.
16g. Gr. Hiraethog: Gw (D. J. B.) 824.
1567 LlGG 42a, 42b.
a. 1587 E. Prys: Gw 26.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228) d.g. clericus (hefyd D).
1715 T. Evans: CCG 31, 38.
1740 ALB 21.
1772 W d.g. church-man, or clergyman, clerk ]… a scholar or man of letters].
gŵr lleyg, gŵr llyg: layman, one not in holy orders.
15g. ID 50.
1606 E. James: Hom i. 137.
1715 T. Evans: CCG 31, 38.
1775 W d.g. lay-man.
gŵr llwyd:
(i) man advanced in years, hoary person.
(ii) laziness personified, ‘lazy Laurence’.
gŵr llys: courtier; ?freedman.
14g. YCM 67.
15g. GGl 309.
15g. LGC 67.
15g. GO xxi. 43.
16g. Huw Arwystl: Gw 134.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228) d.g. aulicus, libertus (hefyd D).
Dchr. 17g. J 10 328, gwr llŷs, a serving man. Acoluthus. Aulicus, famulus, courtier.
1632 D d.g. Famulus, Satelles.
1632 J. Davies: LlR 82, 271.
1703 E. Wynne: BC 62, 80.
1722 Llst 189, gŵr llys, a courtier.
1755 Gron 56.
1772 W d.g. courtier [an attendant at court].
gwŷr mab: mounted company of young men together with the ‘teilwr’ or best man (in some districts known as ‘gwŷr shigowt’) sent by the bridegroom, in accordance with a bygone Welsh marriage custom, to escort the bride from her parents’ home to the wedding.
Ar lafar gynt yn ardaloedd Ystradmeurig a Phontrhydfendigaid, Cered.
gŵr maes: (farm) servant, agricultural labourer; warrior, soldier.
1480-1527 Lewys Môn: Gw 136, Gŵr maes mawr grymus Morys.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228) d.g. miles.
Dchr. 17g. J 10 103a.
gwŷr mâl: feudal tenants (found, or at least thus referred to, only in Cemais and Penrhos, Anglesey) whose tenure of land rested on payment of a money tribute (lit. cash-paying men).
1352 Rec C 63, ex’ Manerium de Kemmeys … Gwir Male.
id. 70.
gwŷr mân: common or ordinary people.
15g. GGl 74.
15g. GO lx. 5.
1684 T. Jones: GG 22.
1696 CDD 151, Os ŷw gwŷr mawrion, a gwŷr mân, / Heb gadw glân Gydwŷbod.
gŵr march (ll. gwŷr meirch): cavalry-man, horse-soldier, horseman.
14g. YCM 34.
15g. FfBO 52.
16g. B x. 295.
16g. (1923-4) THSC (At.) 48.
1588 2 Br ix. 18.
Dchr. 17g. J 10 328, gŵr march, a horseman.
1632 D d.g. Eques.
c. 1762-79 W. Williams: P 450, 455.
1771 W, mintai o wŷr meirch d.g. cavalry.
1774 W d.g. Horse-man.
Gw. hefyd gŵr ceffyl.
gŵr mawr: nobleman, important personage, grandee.
1547 WS, Amner a vydd yn rhanny eluseni dros wr mawr Amner.
a. 1561 B vi. 46.
1567 TN 380b.
1588 2 Sam iii. 38.
1588 Diar xxv. 6.
1632 D d.g. Dynastes, Heroum, Magnas, Megistanes.
1684 T. Jones: GG 22.
1716 E. Samuel: GGG 180.
1778 J. Thomas: HB xi.
1790 T. Jones: TOS 171.
Ar lafar hefyd yn yr ystyr ‘snob’, ‘Mae o wedi mynd yn ŵr mawr rŵan, ’fydd o byth yn edrych arna i’.
gwŷr mên(s): mesne-lords.
1480-1527 Lewys Môn: Gw 259.
15-16g. TA 124.
c. 1575 Pen 63 193.
gwŷr y môr: sailors, seamen, mariners.
c. 1762-79 W. Williams: P 32.
gŵr mwyn: gentleman, one of the nobility.
14g. WM 1254-5.
c. 1400 RM 202.
1750 ML i. 167, hen wr mwyn diniwaid.
gŵr neu was, gw. gẃrnewas.
gŵr nod: (in the Welsh Laws) person eligible to act as compurgator; man of distinction, illustrious person.
13g. LlI 28, rodet llv deg wyr a deugeynt, hep alltudeon, hep wyr not.
13g. LlI 75, hanner henne en wyr not.
13g. A 123-4, gordirot ohaedot en gelwit redyrch gwyr not.
13g. LlDW 3717.
13g. LlDW 792, 5, 6.
13g. LlC 20, ac eu hanner en wyr not.
c. 1380 AL ii. 80.
15g. GHC 6, Dy wŷr nod, dewrion ydyn’, / I droi dur yn dy raid ŷn’.
15g. GGl 148, 213.
15g. LHDd 76.
15g. DN 9.
15g. GO ix. 31-2, Nid wyf ŵr nod i ovyn / Na’i ffolwer na’i gwrser gwyn.
15g. GO x. 9.
15g. GO xxviii. 33, 42.
15g. GO xxxi. 29.
Diw. 15g. Pen 67 68.
1632 D, Gwr nôd, Vir notæ, nobilis.
id. d.g. Notus.
17g. Huw Morus: EC i. 79.
1688 TJ, gŵr nôd … a man of note or fame.
1722 Llst 189, gŵr nôd, a famous, noted man.
id., gwŷr nod, the gentry.
1773 W d.g. gentry.
gŵr o rent: landed proprietor.
c. 1600 L. Dwnn: HV i. 236.
gŵr pae: person who is being paid for his sevices, mercenary, hireling.
gŵr pastwn (ll. gwŷr pastynau): man armed with club, club-man.
gŵr pen (y) domen: dominating character, cock of the walk.
gwŷr Pen-tyrch: outstanding persons, prominent or leading figures.
Ar lafar yn y ddihar. Bid rhwng gwŷr Pen-tyrch a’i gilydd, ym Morg. Pytryddoch chi wŷr Pen-tyrch.
gŵr priod: married man, husband.
14g. WM 13125.
14g. HMSS ii. 433.
14g. YBH 2a.
14g. GDG 254.
c. 1400 RB ii. 346.
c. 1400 Haf 16 104.
15g. KAA 26.
1547 WS, Gwr priawd A husbande.
1567 TN 249b, 290a.
1588 Salm xix. 4.
Dchr. 17g. J 10 328, gwr priod, maritus.
1632 D d.g. Maritus.
1688 S. Hughes: TSP 102.
1774 W d.g. husband [a married man].
1777 W. Williams: DN 13.
gŵr pwys: bridegroom, newly married man, husband.
1346 LlA 49, megys yda gr pys.
16g. LBS iv. 40.
Dchr. 17g. J 10 328, gwr pwys, sponsus, cywely.
1632 D d.g. Sponsus.
1688 TJ, gŵr pŵŷs, gŵr newŷdd brîodi; a Bridegroom.
1722 Llst 189, gŵr pwys, a abridegroom.
gŵr rhif: man enrolled for military service, enlisted soldier.
14g. GDG 156.
15g. Cylchg LlGC vii. 274.
15-16g. TA 376.
16g. Pen 84 212.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228) d.g. miles.
1632 D, Gwr nôd … Gwr rhif, Vir numeri, vir ad militiam conscriptus.
1722 Llst 189, gŵr rhif, a listed souldier.
1776 W d.g. listed [a person listed] for a soldier.
gwŷr Rhufain: the Romans.
13g. BD 66, 67, 77.
c. 1700 E. Lhuyd: Par i. 65.
gŵr rhydd: freeman (as opposed to bondsman, serf or slave); one who possesses the freedom of a city, &c.
14g. WML 4.
id. 99.
1547 WS, Gwr rhydd A freman.
1567 TN 380b.
1632 D d.g. Ciuis, Municeps, Priuilegiarius.
1700 D. Maurice: AC 78.
1773 W d.g. free-man [not a bond-man or slave].
1789 W. Richards: ABD 44.
Ar lafar ym Morg. ‘Gwŷr Ryddon Llantrisaint’.
gŵr rhyfel, gŵr o ryfel: warrior, soldier.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228) d.g. miles (hefyd D).
1794 W d.g. warriour, or warrior.
gwŷr shigowt: mounted company of young men together with the ‘teilwr’ or best man (in some districts known as ‘gwŷr mab’) sent by the bridegroom, in accordance with a bygone Welsh marriage custom, to escort the bride from her parents’ home to the wedding.
Ar lafar yn Nyfed, GDD 158, a hefyd yn sir Gaerf.
gŵr tabler: one of the pieces used in chess, backgammon, &c., chessman.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228), gwerin ne wyr Tabler d.g. latrones.
1632 D d.g. Calculus, Latrunculus.
1771 W d.g. chess-men.
gwŷr tai bach: landless persons, i.e. those living in villages, towns, &c., and having no agricultural land attached to their dwellings.
Ar lafar yng Nghered., gw. Ceredigion iv. 248, a hefyd yn sir Gaerf.
gŵr tawlbwrdd = gŵr tabler.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228) d.g. calculus (hefyd D).
Dchr. 17g. J 10 328, gwr towlbwrdd, latrunculus.
gŵr teulu, gŵr ar deulu: member of king’s retinue, household officer; member of a household, householder.
13g. LlI 4, pedeyr [punt] ar ugeynt y gan pob gvr ar teylu e wlvyden gyntaf e marchocco.
13g. LlDW 7112, 787.
13g. LlC 19, Galanas gur ar deulu.
Dchr. 14g. H 24a8.
1730 Leg Wall 574, gwr ar deulu, domesticus: an houshold officer.
gwŷr tir bwrdd: tenants or cultivators of king’s demesne, i.e. plots of land which appear to have been the personal property of the king, cultivated expressly for providing his table with supplies (lit. bord-land men).
gŵr traed: one who travels on foot, one who follows hunt, &c., on foot; foot-soldier, infantryman; footman, attendant.
1547 WS, Pedestyr ne wr traet A foteman.
1547 WS, Troediawc gwr trayd A foteman.
16g. (1923-4) THSC (At.) 48.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228) d.g. agmen, emissarius.
1617 Minsheu 264b d.g. a lackey.
1632 D d.g. Cuneus, Pedes, Peditatus, Phalanx.
1750 ML i. 163, nid hwyrach … mae gwr traed fyddaf.
c. 1762-79 W. Williams: P 450, 455.
1773 W d.g. the foot [in an army], or foot-soldiers, foot-man [a foot-soldier], foot-man [one who travels on foot, &c.].
1798 W. Richards: CC 40.
gŵr (y) tŷ: the man or master of the house.
14g. WM 10628-9, 31, 42711.
14g. GDG 220.
15g. KAA 6.
15g. GO xxxiii. 58.
1567 TN 107a, 124a.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228), Gwr tuy wyf yth Gwrt Ieuan Le. Mon. d.g. libertus.
Dchr. 17g. J 10 103a, gwr y ty, householder … paterfamilias.
1617 Minsheu 218b d.g. the goodman of the house.
1632 D d.g. Libertus, Paterfamilias.
1722 Llst 189, gŵr y tŷ, the master of the house.
1773 W d.g. family, the master [father] of a family, householder, the man [good man] of the house].
gŵr unwraig (un wraig): ‘the husband of one wife’.
1567 TN 312b, 322a.
1604-7 TW (Pen 228) d.g. monogamus (hefyd D).
gŵr ymladd: fighting man, warrior.
1346 LlA 169.
14g. WM 4610.
14g. WM 2929.
14g. WM 5615.
1547 WS, Ray gossodiat ar wyr ymlad[d] Array.
16g. (LlEG) Mos 158 507a.
gŵr ystafell: chamberlain.
16g. Siôn Brwynog: Gw 55.
gŵr (gwŷr) y wasg: pressman, the press.
(bod ag ofn rhywun) fel gŵr â chleddau: to be exceedingly afraid of someone (lit. to be afraid of someone as of a man with a sword).
Ar lafar yn y Gogledd, ‘Mae (ar)na i ’i ofn o fel gŵr a chledda’, WVBD 262.
fel (fal, mal) gŵr (gwŷr): like a man, valiantly, courageously.
13g. A 817.
Dchr. 14g. H 51b14.
1588 2 Esd x. 33.
1588 1 Mac ix. 10.
1659 (1751) GIA viii.
1701 E. Wynne: RBS [viii].
1776 W d.g. manlike.
fel (megis) un gŵr: as one man, to a man.
1588 Nu xiv. 15.
1659 (1751) GIA xvi.
Ar lafar, ‘Rhaid inni wrthwynebu’r bwriad yma fel un gŵr ne ddim o gwbwl’.
gorau un gŵr: the very best of men (with ref. to God, cf. 1. ‘(c)’ above).
14g. IGE² 81.
c. 1400 R 139040.
Am botwm gŵr ieuanc (ifanc), cyfliw gŵr â llwyn, darpar gŵr (ŵr), hawyr bach, hen ŵr, lleuad gwŷr Iâl, myn y Gŵr a fedd, myn y Gŵr uwchben, oedran gŵr, &c., gw. botwm, cyfliw1—cyfliw gŵr a llwyn, darpar, hawyr, hen, lleuad, myn1, oedran, &c.
Gw. hefyd gwran, gwrda, henwr, &c.